Radiodiagnosis is a branch of Medicine that utilizes radiation, ultrasound and magnetic resonance for diagnosis of diseases. It deals not only with imaging and diagnosis of diseases but also with therapeutic interventions for treatment of diseases.
An MRI or magnetic resonance imaging is a radiology techinque scan that uses magnetism, radio waves, and a computer to produce images of body structures. The MRI scanner is a tube surrounded by a giant circular magnet. The patient is placed on a moveable bed that is inserted into the magnet. The magnet creates a strong magnetic field that aligns the protons of hydrogen atoms, which are then exposed to a beam of radio waves. This spins the various protons of the body, and they produce a faint signal that is detected by the receiver portion of the MRI scanner.
A CT scanner emits a series of narrow beams through the human body as it moves through an arc.
This is different from an X-ray machine, which sends just one radiation beam. The CT scan produces a more detailed final picture than an X-ray image.
The CT scanner’s X-ray detector can see hundreds of different levels of density. It can see tissues within a solid organ.
This data is transmitted to a computer, which builds up a 3-D cross-sectional picture of the part of the body and displays it on the screen.
Digital radiography is a form of radiography that uses x-ray–sensitive plates to directly capture data during the patient examination, immediately transferring it to a computer system without the use of an intermediate cassette. [1]Advantages include time efficiency through bypassing chemical processing and the ability to digitally transfer and enhance images. Also, less radiation can be used to produce an image of similar contrast to conventional radiography.
Instead of X-ray film, digital radiography uses a digital image capture device. This gives advantages of immediate image preview and availability; elimination of costly film processing steps; a wider dynamic range, which makes it more forgiving for over- and under-exposure; as well as the ability to apply special image processing techniques that enhance overall display quality of the image.
Ultrasound scans use high frequency sound waves to capture images and video of the inside of the body. Abdominal ultrasounds to help your doctor see the organs and structures inside the abdomen.
Ultrasounds are safe and painless. They’re also increasingly common. More and more ultrasounds are performed in the United States every year. One study found that their numbers grew by 4 percent every year from 1996 to 2010.
Ultrasound images are captured in real time. They’re able to show the structure and movement of internal organs as well as blood flowing through blood vessels. This test is the most commonly used one to view and examine the fetus in pregnant women, but it has many other clinical uses as well.
Abdominal ultrasounds are used to check the major organs in the abdominal cavity. These organs include the gallbladder, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and spleen.
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